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Wills, Trusts & Probate

Number of Power of Attorney arrangements continues to increase

Number of Power of Attorney arrangements continues to increase

The number of people in the UK putting Lasting Power of Attorney (LPA) arrangements in place has continued to increase in 2020, with more than 200,000 submitted in the first quarter of this year.

Official data from the Ministry of Justice (MoJ) indicated that 239,647 powers of attorney were received from January – March 2020, which represents a rise of 5 per cent on the same period in 2019.

The MoJ stated that the increase in LPAs became much sharper in 2015, with more publicity around the agreements and the introduction of a digital process to make it easier to access.

Here, Donna Smy, a Supervising Partner with Palmers who specialises in Lasting Powers of Attorney explains why putting in place a professionally drafted LPA is so important:

Setting up a LPA

Lasting powers of attorney (LPA) can be set up in respect of personal health and welfare, or property and financial affairs, or both. In both cases, one or more attorneys can be appointed, as well as replacement attorneys.

Without an LPA in place, a Court of Protection application is often the only option, but this could be a lengthy and expensive process.

The number of people that opt for an LPA has increased significantly in the last few years, with recent data showing that the figure has tripled in the past five years.

LPAs can be set up with a replacement attorney, and not having one at the beginning of the process can cause complications further down the line. Failing to appoint a replacement would mean that if an original attorney became bankrupt, unwell, refused to act or died, there may not be anyone left to act on the donor’s behalf.

Do I need to build in safeguards?

Building in safeguards and protections is essential when setting up an LPA. These can be things such as restrictions of requirements on the sale of property or family heirlooms, as well as restrictions on gifts and loans in order to protect the donor.

While some individuals may be reluctant to include these safeguards, they can ensure long-term protection, particularly when an LPA is set up well before it is needed. The team at Palmers can help to tailor the documents to an individual’s own circumstances and include additional guidance or restrictions to fully address a person’s wishes on how and when the Attorney’s powers should be used.

It is important to set up an LPA correctly, which can be done with the assistance of an expert.

For help and advice relating to powers of attorney, please get in touch with our expert team.

Acas launches new guidance on mental health in the workplace during COVID-19

Acas launches new guidance on mental health in the workplace during COVID-19

Acas has published new guidance to help businesses manage mental health in the workplace during the current pandemic.

It comes after a new Acas-commissioned YouGov survey found that nearly two out of five employees working from home felt stressed, anxious or experienced mental health difficulties.

To help you manage your team’s wellbeing during this crisis, we have summarised the Acas guidance below.

How can staff manage their mental health?

Whether staff are working from home, returning to the workplace or on furlough, employers have a responsibility to ensure their welfare needs are met.

Staff may be finding it hard to cope and be suffering a decline in mental health and wellbeing due to longer hours, social isolation, childcare responsibilities or work pressure.

Where a staff member has an existing mental health problem it’s important that they talk to their manager about how they’re feeling, so that extra support can be offered.

Staff can improve their mental health by:

  • staying in contact with people
  • creating a daily routine to manage their time
  • keeping active and exercising
  • reflecting on what helps them feel positive and what does not.

Encourage staff to talk to their manager

Acas advises that staff members talk to their manager or employer regularly about their situation and how they are coping. Employers should, in turn, help them to work through any problems.

It is advised that employers discuss with staff what kind of contact they would prefer to ensure it meets the needs of their team, this could include regular calls, video conferencing or even having online social events.

Back to the workplace

Staff returning to a place of work outside their home should discuss any concerns around how health and safety that could affect their mental wellbeing. Managers should take these concerns into consideration and be supportive, wherever possible.

Employer support

Employees should check with their employer what support is available if they have concerns about their mental health.

Employers must remember that they have a ‘duty of care’ to all employees, regardless of where they are working. This means that they must do all they reasonably can to support their staff members’ health, safety and wellbeing.

In some workplaces this may mean offering counselling, often through an Employee Assistance Programme (EAP), appointing a mental health ‘champion’ or working with other organisations to create a mental health support group.

Discrimination

Mental health issues can be considered a disability under the law if all of the following apply:

  • it has a ‘substantial adverse effect’ on the life of an employee
  • it lasts at least 12 months, or is expected to
  • it affects their ability to do their normal day-to-day activities.

This applies even if there are not symptoms all of the time or the symptoms are less severe at some times than at others.

Employers must be careful not to discriminate against a person because of a mental health disability, as it is a protected characteristic. Instead, they should work with employees to make appropriate adjustments to working arrangements for them.

For employment advice relating to mental health in the workplace, please contact us today.

Fraud risk the main obstacle to coronavirus Wills reform

Fraud risk the main obstacle to coronavirus Wills reform

The Government has indicated that it is considering reforms to probate legislation to accommodate the challenges of the coronavirus outbreak, but has cautioned against any move to suspend the requirement for two independent witnesses, owing to the fraud risk.

Justice Minister, Alex Chalk, responded to a Written Question in Parliament, saying: “The Government is currently reviewing the case for reform of the law on making Wills given current circumstances.

“The constraints of the COVID-19 situation must be balanced against the important safeguards in the law to protect elderly and vulnerable people, in particular against undue influence and fraud. Having two independent witnesses provides safeguards to those making Wills.”

He went on to reject the idea of allowing privileged wills, which can be made on active military service, saying that those circumstances do not equate to the coronavirus crisis.

However, he added: “The Government is committed to considering further work on witnessing documents by video-conference generally, in the light of the recent Law Commission report on Electronic Execution of Documents, which will help inform potential reforms to the law on Wills in the future.”

Contact us today for advice and guidance on Wills during the Coronavirus outbreak.

Stay at Home housekeeping sees increasing numbers of people looking to make a Will

Stay at Home housekeeping sees increasing numbers of people looking to make a Will

Law firms across the UK have been reporting an increasing number of people enquiring about making a Will since the UK’s Stay at Home measures were announced last month, limiting the circumstances in which any of us can leave our homes.

Coupled with the requirement for a Will to be witnessed in person by someone who is not a beneficiary, because beneficiaries otherwise lose their share, this had led to a range of methods of obtaining witnesses’ signatures from a distance, including the use of car bonnets, in front gardens or through windows.

However, in England and Wales, a Will witnessed using video calling would not be valid.

More difficult, however, has been the practice of death-bed Wills, where a Will is made in front of a lawyer in hospital at the end of someone’s life or where there is doubt as to whether they will survive. Visiting restrictions in hospitals have largely ruled this out for Coronavirus patients and those with other conditions.

These challenges have prompted discussions between the Ministry of Justice and the Law Society about what alternative arrangements can be put in place while allowing people to maintain social distancing.

Please contact us today for advice on making a Will during the Coronavirus outbreak.

‘Unwanted’ son wins High Court battle after being left out of father’s inheritance

‘Unwanted’ son wins High Court battle after being left out of father’s inheritance

A pensioner who was left out of his father’s £2.4 million fortune because he was an ‘unwanted war baby’ has won his High Court fight for a share of the family fortune.

Colin Johnston told the High Court hearing that his parents, Sidney and Elsie, had always favoured his younger brother Gary and had purchased manorial titles for himself, his wife and Gary’s family including his two children to make them Lords and Ladies, but Mr Johnston was left with his existing title.

He had worked diligently for his father for more than 30 years until a major disagreement in 1991. His mother had also previously blamed her son for her failure to become a Hollywood film star.

Mr Johnston said his parents’ hostility towards him stemmed from his being ‘an unwanted war baby’ born in 1942 while his dad was serving in the RAF.

Lady Elsie died in 2013 and Gary died three years later. Then when his father, Lord Sidney, died in 2017 he left his entire fortune to Gary’s daughter, Lady Natalie Wackett.

Lord Sidney left a gross fortune of around £2.4 million with a net value after expenses of around £1.4 million.

Mr Johnston sued his niece, the executor of the estate, on the basis that the Will failed to make reasonable provision for him despite his father leading him to believe that he would inherit something on his death.

He initially claimed £870,000, but later revised that figure to the £125,000, which the Judge agreed to award him.

Judge Johnson ruled that Mr Johnston deserved “reasonable provision” from his father’s fortune, despite the dead millionaire’s animosity towards his eldest son.

He agreed that there was “something fundamentally wrong from an early stage” in the relationship between the claimant and his parents.

The Judge said: “Sidney had made a decision that Colin should inherit nothing from him by 1976 – if not from an earlier date.

“I very much regret that it seems that what Sidney intended for his property and what he gave Colin to understand, were two very different things. I do make the finding that, in this respect, Colin was misled by his father.

“I continue to find it remarkable, and somewhat inexplicable, that a man should treat his son in this way, and that a man should favour one son over the other as Sidney favoured Gary over Colin.”

For help and advice with all aspects of making/contesting a Will, along with potential claims against an estate, please contact us.

Could lifetime gifting help to protect your assets and support your loved ones?

Could lifetime gifting help to protect your assets and support your loved ones?

It is understandable that, having worked hard all their lives, many people wish to pass on as much of their wealth as possible to their loved ones. While many people understand the importance of writing a tax-efficient Will, there are ways of protecting your wealth and making provisions for your loved ones so that you can enjoy the benefits during your lifetime.

Here, Tim Steele, a Partner with Palmers who specialises in estate planning and trusts, explains the various methods available to individuals who wish to maximise their assets:

Lifetime gifts can be made to your children, grandchildren, family or friends. The benefit of this is the ability to offer financial help to your relatives during your lifetime. There are a number of tax incentives which apply to lifetime gifting but before you embark on this option, it is important to consider the following:

 Can I afford to make a gift?

This may sound like an obvious consideration, but it is important to take expert advice to ensure that you are not over-reaching by making a gift which could leave you in an unsound financial position in later life.

Various tax rules mean that once you have gifted an asset for IHT purposes, you will usually not be able to subsequently receive a benefit from the gift. This particularly applies to the gifting of a property.

 What are the likely tax implications?

A gift from one person to another is known as a ‘potentially exempt transfer’ (PET). Provided the donor survives seven years from the date of the gift, no Inheritance Tax is payable. However, you need to consider other tax implications as, depending on the nature and value of the asset, making a gift could mean that you are liable to pay Capital Gains Tax.

Should I make an outright gift or place it in a trust?

If you decide to make an outright gift to someone, you lose control over that asset. This means you cannot dictate how or when the gift can be used. If it is a substantial gift you may have concerns that it could be spent inappropriately. There are also potential future issues to consider, for example, if your recipient were to divorce or die. You may therefore wish to consider a trust.

The benefits include:

  • A variety of trust options which allow you to choose whether your assets are held for one beneficiary or several and which will adapt to a change in future personal circumstances
  • You are able to retain a degree of control by choosing who to appoint as a trustee – if you wish you can also include yourself as a trustee.
  • Added protection so that your hard-earned assets are not put at risk in the event of a divorce or bankruptcy proceedings

If you are considering setting up a trust, it is important to seek expert legal and financial advice, particularly when it comes to dealing with IHT liability as you can only gift a certain amount into trust before being liable for upfront IHT payments. CGT liability will also be an important consideration, although you can apply for a hold over relief which will delay payment.

If you are considering lifetime gifting, or would like more information about the available options to suit your personal circumstances, please contact us.

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